Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu announced Monday evening the discovery of the three bodies in a field in the southern West Bank.
"This evening, we found three bodies and all the signs indicate that they are the bodies of our three kidnapped youngsters," Netanyahu told ministers at the start of an emergency session of his security cabinet.
"They were kidnapped and murdered in cold blood by human animals," he said.
"Hamas is responsible and Hamas will pay."
Hamas, which had denied any involvement in the abduction of the teenage boys, issued a warning in return to the Israelis.
"If the occupiers carry out an escalation or a war, they will open the gates of hell on themselves," Hamas spokesman Sami Abu Zuhri told AFP.
The discovery of the boys' bodies -- one 19-year-old and two aged 16 -- came 17 days after they disappeared, triggering a huge manhunt during which five Palestinians were killed and more than 400 arrested.
Israeli public radio said on Tuesday that the youths were apparently shot dead shortly after they were snatched.
Two Hebron Hamas men named by Israel as prime suspects -- Marwan Qawasmeh and Amer Abu Eishe -- remain at large but Palestinian witnesses said troops blew up their homes early Tuesday.
The Israeli roundup -- mainly of people linked to Hamas -- brought a wave of rocket attacks against southern Israel by militants in the Gaza Strip, answered in turn by Israeli air strikes.
The latest round began around 1:00 am Tuesday (2200 GMT Monday) with a rocket slamming into open ground in the Negev desert region.
Two more followed overnight, the army said, but nobody was hurt.
Shortly afterwards the Palestinian interior ministry reported around 30 Israeli air strikes on deserted militant training sites across Gaza but there were no immediate reports of casualties.
The Israeli military said in a statement that aircraft hit 34 targets.
- Palestinian teen shot dead -
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In the northern West Bank, Israeli troops shot dead a young Palestinian early Tuesday during a raid into the Jenin refugee camp, Palestinian security and medical officials said.
They named the dead youth as Yusuf Abu Zagher, 18.
An Israeli military spokeswoman said that he was a Hamas operative about to hurl an explosive device at troops sent to arrest him.
"They opened fire and confirmed a hit," she said.
She did not say if the arrest raid was related to the broader crackdown on Hamas in the West Bank.
The Israeli youngsters' bodies were found near the West Bank town of Halhul, some 10 minutes drive from the roadside where they were last seen hitchhiking.
One of the civilian volunteers involved in the search told army radio the bodies had been found under a pile of branches and stones in a remote area.
"Today, during a sweep with the army, one of the guys spotted something unusual, they started to move branches and stones and found the bodies," said volunteer Benny Truper.
"It was a very isolated area, more or less at the end of the world."
US President Barack Obama condemned the killings and warned against actions that could further "destabilise" the situation, amid the threats of retaliation against Hamas.
"The United States condemns in the strongest possible terms this senseless act of terror against innocent youth," Obama said in a written statement.
British Prime Minister David Cameron slammed an "inexcusable act of terror" and pledged to stand with Israel as it seeks justice.
French President Francois Hollande denounced the "cowardly murder" of the teens which German Chancellor Angela Merkel called "a detestable act for which there is no excuse".
- 'An abominable crime' -
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Hamas has dismissed the Israeli allegations as "stupid" with Abu Zuhri accusing Israel of fabricating the kidnapping as an excuse to crack down on the movement.
"The occupation is trying to use this story to justify its extensive war against our people, against resistance and against Hamas," he charged.
Abbas has come under massive Israeli pressure to renounce a reconciliation agreement with Hamas under which a merged administration for the West Bank and Gaza was formed in early June for the first time in seven years.
Pope Francis, who last month visited Israel and the West Bank, called the killing "an abominable crime".
"This is a serious obstacle on the path to peace for which we must continue to pray and continue to be involved," a Vatican statement quoted him as saying.
AFP